The Common Cold
The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract and is the most common infectious disease. Adults catch a cold on average two to four times a year, while children can catch a cold up to eight to ten times. The common cold is harmless for most people and goes away on its own within one to two weeks.
Over 200 different viruses can cause the common cold, and rhinovirus is the most common. Transmission occurs via airborne droplets or contact with contaminated surfaces. The common cold is most common in the autumn and winter months.
Symptoms
- Stuffy or runny nose
- Sore throat and pharyngeal pain
- Cough
- Sneezing
- Mild fever
- Headache and muscle aches
- Fatigue and reduced general condition
When should you contact a doctor?
- Symptoms last more than ten days without improvement
- High fever over 39 degrees Celsius that lasts more than three days
- Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
- Severe pain in the sinuses, ears, or throat
- Symptoms worsen after a few days of improvement
- You have underlying diseases that make you vulnerable
- Need for a sick note
Treatment
The common cold is treated with rest, plenty of fluids, and symptom-relieving medications. Nasal spray, throat lozenges, and paracetamol can alleviate the symptoms. Antibiotics do not help against the common cold, as it is a viral infection. A doctor at Eyr can assess whether your symptoms are a common cold or something else, advise on treatment, and possibly prescribe medication for complications such as sinusitis.
